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推荐文章：大学英语四级模拟试题（三）
推荐文章简介：
LISTENING COMPREHENSION 1. A) He must read a lot of books. B) He doesnt like history. C) He cant get the books he needs. D) He has lost his watch. 2. A
TEST ONE
Part I Reading Comprehension
Directions: In this part of the exercise you will have 15 passages followed by
questions about the meaning of the material. You are to choose the ONE best
answer, A, B, C, D to each question. Answer all questions following a passage
on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
Samuel Johnson, the great writer and critic of eighteenth-century England, once
said "The future is purchased by the present". This concise and truthful comment
forces us to ask, "are we willing to be more conservative in our life requirements,
and are we willing to moderate our use of the world's resources to insure a better
environment and a greater abundance of natural wealth for others today throughout
the world and for future generations? Can we, in fact, reduce our consumption of
petroleum, coal and electricity, in order to reduce the pollution and environmental
pressures created by excessive energy use and to allow others to live a better
life? Are we willing to spend more money for pollution control and environmental
restoration? Are we willing to devote more effort to recycling? Can we moderate
our demand for fat-rich diets and super-processed convenience food? Can we
reduce world-wide militarism and violence so that fewer of the earth's resources
are spent on security forces and machines of destruction?"
These are some of the central issues of the twentieth century, and ones on which
the quality of present and future environments may depend. We all recognize many
attributes of modern civilizations and life styles which are ecologically expensive,
but in order to change
them we must change both our attitudes and our habits.
Coupled with this need for a change in our attitudes and life styles, there is a clear
need for greater knowledge and wisdom in coping with the problems of our
demographic and technological success. There is a strong case for the establishment
of a new phase of environmental awareness, called "earthmanship". Such an
awareness would recognize not only the complexity and interdependence of the
ecosphere, but also the need to preserve the ecological and cultural diversity of
the world, the integrity and stability of its natural communities, and the dignity and
freedom of human populations. The concept of earthmanship does not ignore
human values, nor does it exclude economic progress, but it does emphasize that
such progress must come through greater understanding and more harmonious
cooperation with nature. An economist, Ernest Schumacher, stated the case very
well, when he wrote(1973).
"wisdom demands a new orientation of science and technology towards the organic,
the gentle, the nonviolent, the elegant and the beautiful. . . We must look for a
revolution in technology(and the human spirit)which will reverse the destructive
trends now threatening us all. "
1. The passage implies that our present technological achievements________.
a. are successful but not harmful
b. have not been recognized
c. bring about both positive and negative results
d. are changing in recent time
2. The passage suggests that ________.
a. earthmanship awareness ignores economic progress
b. our attitudes and our habits must be improved first before we can do anything
to reduce environmental p
ollution
c. automobiles are helpful in transportation
d. it is essential to develop the present rather that the future
3. The word "attributes" in Paragraph 2 means ________.
a. accords
b. ways
c. partitions
d. qualities
4. The author of the passage seems to be _______.
a. against future changes in our life style
b. positive about our present situation
c. serious and hopeful in seeing a shift from the emphasis on economical progress
to a better awareness of the nature
d. sorry for a decrease in defence expenditure
5. What is the best title for the passage?
a. technological achievements
b. environmental pollution
c. economical progress and better awareness of the nature
d. the future is purchased by the present
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which
products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The
price system of the united states is a very complex network composed of the prices
of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of
services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The
interrelationships of all these prices make up the "system" of prices. The price of
any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices
in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.
If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define "price, " many
would reply that price is an amount of money paid by
the buyer to the seller of a
product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or
service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid
as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction,
much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and
the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and
quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the
exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used,
the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the
product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other
words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise
the total "package" being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order
that they may evaluate a given price.
6. What is the best title for the passage?
a. The Inherent Weaknesses of the Price System
b. The Complexities of the Price System
c. Credit Terms in Transactions
d. Resource Allocation and the Public Sector
7. According to the passage, the price system is related primarily to
a. labor and education
b. transportation and insurance
c. utilities and repairs
d. products and services
8. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a factor in the complete
understanding of price?
a. Instructions that come with a product
b. The quantity of a product
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