本站原创青浦区初中英语学科教学基本要求
(新牛津8B)Module1Unit1Trees
主要内容
重点单词:erage,item,product,produce,gas,fighter,fact,scientist,interested,notebook,suppose,breathe,pure,release,alive,natural,warn,protect,chemical,join,municate,burn,replace,hardly,destroy,exchange,nature,main,lorry
词组:
平均年龄erageage
同污染做斗争fightpollution
一个有关污染问题的班级课题aclassprojectonpollution
对等感兴趣beinterestedinsth./doingsth.
最大最古老的生物thebiggestandoldestlivingthings
在地球上ontheearth
别的什么whatelse
美化街道,降低噪音makestreetorebeautifulandlessnoisy
(make+n./pron.+adj.)
因做某事而感谢某人thanksb.forsth./doingsth.
1.5公顷oneandahalfhectares(onehectareandahalf)
喜欢呼吸纯净凉爽的空气enjoybreathingpure,coolair(enjoydoingsth.)
提供(生产)足够的氧气produceenoughoxygen(enough的用法)
从空气中吸掉有害气体takeharmfulgaseromtheair
释放氧气到空中releaseoxygenintotheair
起等的作用dothejobof等等于hasthepowerof
使全班同学保持活力和健康keepthewholeclassaliveandhealthy
(keep+n./pron.+adj.)
几乎一整天almostallday
例如forexample
天然的空调naturalairconditioners
对等非常了解knowalotabout等
警告它的邻居warnitsneighbour
攻击某人某物attacksb./sth.
通过做某事保护自己protectoneselfbydoingsth.
分泌一种化学药品produceachemical
使树叶变得难吃maketheleestastenasty
(makesb./sth.+do等:taste+adj.)
把等结合在一起join等together
相互交流municatewitheachother/oneanother
互相传递养料和水分pasoodandwatertoeachother/oneanother
有(很大)危险in(great)danger
砍伐和燃烧树木cutdownandburntrees
(cut-cut-cut,burnburned/burnt-burned/burnt)
也,还aswellas
代替,补上replace
几乎没有hardlyanyof等等于almostnoneof等
破坏,毁灭森林destroyforests
给某人提供某物providesb.withsth./providesth.forsb.
污染卫士fightersagainstpollution等于pollutionfighters
保护等免遭protect等from
阻止等做某事stop等fromdoingsth.
词性
1.fighter(n.)斗士,战士---fight(v.)战斗
2.scientist(n.)科学家---science(n.)科学
3.breathe(v.)呼吸---breathn.)呼吸
4.interest(v./n.)感兴趣,兴趣---interested(adj.)感兴趣的---interesting(adj.)有趣的
5.alive(adj.)活着的---living(adj.)有生命的---livev./n.居住,现场的---lively(adj)活泼的
6.main(adj.)主要的---mainly(adv.)主要地,大体上
7.nature(n.)自然界,大自然---natural(adj.)自然的---naturally(adv.)自然地
8.product(n.)产品---produce(v.)生产,产生---producer(n.)生产者,制造者
9.chemical(n./adj.)化学物质,化学的---chemistry(n.)化学
10.warn(v.)警告,使警惕---warning(n.)警告,警示
11.pollute(v.)污染---pollution(n.)污染---polluted(adj.)被污染的
12.noise(n.)吵闹声,噪音---noisy(adj.)吵闹的---noisily(adv.)吵闹地,喧闹地
13.really(adv.)真正地,确实---real(adj.)真的,真实地---realize(v.)实现
14.municate(v.)交流---munication(n.)交流
15.pure(adj.)纯净的---purely(adv.)纯净地
16.harmful(adj.)有害的---harmless(adj.)无害的---harm(v./n.)危害
句型
Whatgoodaretrees等于Whatisthegoodoftrees
Theyarethebiggestandoldestlivingthingsontheearth.等于等于Theyarebiggerandolderthananyotherlivingthingontheearth.
Treescooltheairaswellascleanit.等于等于等于Treescleantheairandcoolitaswell.
Treesnotonlycleantheairbutalsocoolit.
Treesbothcleantheairandcoolit.
Wecutdownandburnmillionsoftreeseveryyear,butwereplacehardlyanyofthem.
等于等于等于Wecutdownandburnmillionsoftreeseveryyear,butwereplacealmostnoneofthem.
语法:现在进行时Thepresentcontinuoustense
意义:表示现在正在发生或进行的动作,通常与now,atpresent,thesedays等时间状语或Look！Listen！Becareful！等暗示语连用.
基本结构:主语+be(am/is/are)+动词现在分词(V-ing)+其他等.
(肯定句,否定句和一般疑问句的结构)
动词现在分词的构成方法:
a.一般在动词原形末尾加-ingworking,playing
b.以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去e加-ing.ing,dancing
c.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ingstopping,beginning
d.以ie结尾的重读开音节动词,变ie为y,再加-ing.lie—lying,tie—tying,die—dying
拓展词汇:
Oxygen,hectare,nasty,airconditioner,best-known,sweet-elling,Tree-plantingDay,urbanareas,exchangeinformation,makeadifference,removedust,reducepollution,addbeautytocities,providesthforsb.等于providesbwithsth.,
人文教育
通过对课文pollutionfighters一课的学习,让学生懂得环境保护的重要性以及如何以自己的实际行动去保护环境,关爱生活.
结合3月植树节,让学生懂得爱护树木的重要性,并提出倡议搞好植树活动.
教学建议
1,单词和课文分三课时教授(第一课时从cartoontalk–Whatdoyouknowabout等引出并理解生词,对课文有个初步的整体感知,第二课时为课文整体理解,深入理解课文主要内容并树立护树意识,第三课时引导学生复述课文,或用自己的话简要谈谈对树的认识,并对课文重点词汇和句型的讲解和操练)
2,为帮助学生对课文内容的理解,教师可以把握好几个关键问题,WhatdoyouknowabouttreesWhatgoodaretreesIsthereanythinginterestingabouttreesAretreesindangerWhohaadetreesindangerWhatshouldwedotoprotecttreerombeingdestroyed
3,结合MorepracticeTreeorLife,让学生谈谈有什么保护树木的方法,并鼓励学生从思想上成为一名TreeorLife的成员,从行动上来做一名护树天使.
4,建议让学生以"Treesareimportantlivingthings"为题写一篇小作文
Suggestedoutline
Whatgoodaretrees
Whatdopeopledototrees
Whatshouldwedotoprotecttrees
8BModule1Unit2Water
一,主要内容
重点单词
daily,amount,increase,remain,symbol,flow,washbasin,obey,float,fortably,relax,treatment,works,thorough,cleaning,pipe,until,pump,rest,ordinary,equipment,tool,chart
词组
保持不变remnthesame
被等覆盖becoveredwith
流入大海flowintothesea
刷牙brushone'steeth
开着/关了beon/off
入,流进pourinto
关掉/打开turnoff/turnon
向四周看lookaround
听上去不耐烦soundimpatient(sound作为联系动词)
微弱的声音afaintvoice
欣赏(等)风景enjoytheview(of)
舒服地漂浮在云中floatfortablyinacloud
快速下滑speeddown(sped-sped)
把等带到等carry/take等to等.
休息了几天relax/restforafewdays
长途跋涉trelalongway
净化cleanup
被净化getcleanedup
自来水厂awatertreatmentworks
一家污水处理工厂asewageplant
旅程的终点theendofone'sjouney
用完,不再需要finishwith
给等一次彻底的清洗give等athoroughcleaning
记得(不要)去做某事remember(not)todosth.(与rememberdoingsth.的区别)
珍贵的,宝贵的precious等于valuable
液体黄金liquidgold
给等加入等.add等.to等.
一些化学物质afewchemicals
污染水pollutewater
浪费水wastewater
等一下waitaminute
与等谈话talkto/withsb.
一滴水adropofwater
从卫生间里出来eoutofthebathroom
奇怪的strange等于weird
词性
day(n.)白天,一天---daily(adj.)每日的
obey(v.)遵守,服从---disobey(v.)不服从,违背
float(v.)浮,飘动---floating(adj.)漂浮的
thorough(adj.)彻底的,完全的---thoroughly(adv.)彻底地
treatment(n.)处理加工,治疗---treat(v.)对待,治疗
cleaning(n.)打扫,清洁---clean(v.)打扫---cleaner(n.)清洁工
fortably(adv.)舒服地---fortable(adj.)舒服的---unfortable(adj.)不舒服的
relax(v.)放松,休息---relaxed(adj.)感到放松的---relaxing(adj.)轻松的---relaxation(n.)娱乐
impatient(adj.)不耐烦的---patient(adj.)耐心的---patiently(adv.)耐心地---patience(n.)耐心
freeze(v.)结冰,凝固---freezing(adj.)极冷的---frozen(adj.)冰冻的,冷冻的
puzzle(v.)使困惑---puzzled(adj.)困惑的,茫然的---puzzling(adj.)令人迷惑不解的
chemical(n./adj.)化学物质,化学的---chemistry(n.)化学
pollute(v.)污染---pollution(n.)污染---polluted(adj.)被污染的
loud(adj.)大声的,响亮的---loudly(adv.)大声地---aloud(adv.)出声的
bath(n.)洗澡---bathe(v.)洗澡---bathroom(n.)盥洗室
drink(v./n.)饮用/饮料---drinking(adj.)---drinkable(adj.)可饮用的
句型
Daisylookedaround,butsawnoone.等于等于等于Daisylookedaround,butdidn'tseeanyone.
Shewasbrushingherteethandthetapwason.等于Shewasbrushingherteethwithtapon.
Fromthetap,Isuppose.
Isupposeyoualsoenjoybreathingpure,coolair.
(可加入讲解think,suppose,believe,等否定词的转移和反义疑问句的表达)
Eg.Idon'tthinkyouareright,areyou
Shethinksthebosswillaskanotherpersontodothejob,doesn'tshe
DoyouknowwhereI'mfrom(宾语从句语序用陈述)
Itwastimetogetcleanedup.(Itistimetodosth.等于等于Itistimeforsth.)
Itisnoteasyformetogethere.(Itis+adj.+forsb.+todosth.)
Iwaitedthereuntilyoucalledme.(until等和not等until等的用法)
HereIam.倒装句
Whatdoyoumeanby等等于Whatisthemeaningof等等于Whatdoes等mean
语法:表示数量的词
只修饰可数名词的词:many,afew,few,alargenumberof,howmany等
只修饰不可数名词的词:much,alittle,little,ahugeamountof,howmuch等.
既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词:some,alotof,lotsof,plentyof,enough,等
few,afew,little,alittle的区别和用法
alittle/notmuch,afew/notmany和none,no
toomuch,toomany,toolittle,toofew,和enough的用法
拓展词汇
decrease,liquid,solid,gas,thechemicalsymbolforwater,vanish,drain,impatient,faint,puzzled,sewage,precious,adrippingtap,arunningtap,manufacture
二,人文教育
通过对课文watertalk的学习,让学生了解水的流程图,知道水是来之不易的
3月22日是世界水日,结合现在水资源的缺乏,倡导学生要节约用水,保护水资源
三,教学建议
1,单词和课文分三课时教授(第一课时从cartoontalk–Whatdoyouknowabout等---引出并理解生词,对课文有初步的理解,第二课时为课文整体理解,深入理解课文主要内容,能较流畅地说出水循环过程,并树立节水珍爱水质的意识,第三课时让学生说说水循环的过程和对水的认识并对课文重要词汇和句型做讲解和操练)
2,为帮助学生对课文内容的理解,教师可以引导学生一边阅读课文一边来画水循环图,并在旁边注明一些提示词,以便于学生记忆和为复述做铺垫.
3,让学生查阅并收集有关水的信息并互相交流对水的认识,必要时老师可以补充一些资料,从而让学生知道水的重要性,同时水短缺和水污染的严重问题,向学生征询建议和方法,鼓励学生从自身做起做一名节水护水好公民.
4,结合世界水日的契机,让学生以"Theimportanceofwater"为题写一篇小作文
Suggestedoutline:
Howmuchdoyouknowaboutwater(somefactsaboutwater)
Whatgoodiswater
Whatproblemsaboutwaterdowehe
Whatshouldwedotodowiththeproblems
Module1Unit3Adangerousservant
主要内容
重点单词:servant,electricity,trick,foolish,measure,bill,monthly,explanation,careful,contain,clear,iron,lock,test,politely,connect,encourage,behe,polite,staff,customer,
词组:
heat/light/sound/movingenergy
apacketofsweets
tricksb.等于foolsb.等于playatrickonsb
atlast等于finally等于intheend
lookfoolish
flowthrough
measuretheamountofelectricity
inaway
getabillfor
abadexplanation
agood/dangerousservant
becarefulwith
scratchone'shead
change/turn等into
differentformsofenergy
thinkof
produce(等于make)electricity
switchoff等于turnoff
beconnectedto
beburiedunder
apowerstation
thechemicalsinsidebatteries
electricalappliances
anelectrician
gooff
dealwiththisproblem
findout
makesomerules
decidetodosth
answerthetelephone
Shedoesn'tevenknowwhatelectricityis.
Canyoutellmewhateletricitylookslike
encouragesbtodosth.
beheinarightway等于beheinawaythatisright
35..theuseofelectricity热/光/声/动能
一包糖果
愚弄某人
最后
看上去很愚蠢
流经等
测试电量
在某种程度上
得到等的账单
一个糟糕的解释
一个忠实/危险的仆人
小心对待,谨慎处理
挠挠脑袋
把等变成等
各种形式的能量
想到
发电
关掉(灯,水,气)
被连接到等.上
被埋在等下面
一所发电站
在电池里的化学药剂
电器设备
一个电工
停电
处理这个问题
查明,搞清楚
制定一些规则
决某事
接
她甚至不知道什么是电你能告诉我吗鼓励某人做某事
行为正确
电的用处
词性
serveservant,service怎么写作(v.),仆人(n.),怎么写作(n.)electricityelectrician
electrical,electric
electronic,electron电(n.)电工(n.)
跟电有关的(adj.),用电的(adj.),
电子的(adj.),电子(n.)foolishfool愚蠢的(adj.),傻瓜(n.)/愚弄(v.)monthmonthly月(n.),每月地(adv.)explainexplanation解释(v.),解释(n.)carefulcareless
carefulness,carelessness
carefully,carelessly
care仔细的(adj.),粗心的(adj.),
仔细(n.)粗心(n.),
仔细地(adv.),粗心地(adv.)
注意,照顾(n.)关心,照顾,在意(n.)7.powerpowerful能力,力量((n.)强大的(adj.)8.energy*energetic能量(n.)精力充沛的(adj.)9.behe*behiour行为表现(v.)行为表现(n.10.contain,container容纳(v.)容器(n.)11.feelfeeling感觉(v.)感觉(n.)12.visibleinvisible可视的,看得见的(adj.)看不见的,隐形的(adj.)polite,impolite
politeness,impoliteness
politely,impolitely礼貌的(adj.),不礼貌的(adj.)
礼貌(n.),不礼貌(n.)
礼貌地(adv.),粗鲁地(adv.)
句型
1.Shedoesn'tevenknowwhatelectricityis.
2.Canyoutellmewhatitlookslike
宾语从句的构成为"引导词+主语+谓语+其他",其语序为陈述句语序
that引导陈述句的宾语从句.主句中常见的谓语动词有say,know,hear,see,hope,think,believe,write,tell等
g.Everyonebelievesthatelectricityisagoodservantbutadangerousone.
宾语从句部分为特殊疑问句,则宾语从句的引导词为该特殊疑问词.常见的由"who,which,where,how,what"等引导的宾语从句
Eg.Canyoutellmewhytreesareourbestfightersagainstpollution
3.Althoughelectricityiuchmoredangerousthanwater,itisagoodservant.
.Electricityiuchmoredangerousthanwater,Butitisagoodservant
although引导的让步状语从句能与but相互转换.
4.youmustalwaysbecarefulwithit.
情态动词(can,must,may等)
用can,could和beableto表示能力.
例:Canyouspeakanyforeignlanguages
WhenIwasveryyoung,Icouldrunveryfast.
用must与mustn't,heto与don'theto,needn't表示义务.
例:Thewindowsareverydirty,Imustcleanthem.
Ihetowalklatetonight.Mybosshastoldmetodothat.
用can,could与may表示许可.
例:CanIopenthewindow
Yes,youcan./no,youcan't.
用can,could与would表示请求.
例:ouldyouhelpmecarrymysuitcase
用must和can't表示猜测.
例:mustgetveryboredinherjob.Shedoesthesamethingeveryday.
Andtheseareconnectedtothickwiresthatareburiedunderthestreet.
被动语态句式(beusedtodosth,beusedfordoing,beconnectedto等/beburied等.)拓展词汇:
meter(电表)scratch,invisible,bulb,bury,grin,二,人文教育
1,帮助学生对电的相关知识有一个较好的了解,并在日常生活中树立节约用电,安全用电的意识.
2,3月27日是本年的EarthHour,鼓励学生身体力行,更鼓励他们通过海报,传单等去宣传节电.
3,通过对用电安全的讨论,主动审视身边不安全隐患.
三,教学建议
1,单词和课文分三课时教授(第一课时从cartoontalk–Whatdoyouknowabout等---引出并理解生词,对课文有初步的理解,第二课时为课文整体理解,深入理解课文主要内容,能简单地说说对电的认识,在提示词的图表的帮助下说说电是如何从电站来到各家各户的,第三课时让学生说说对电的认识和正确表达电是如何从电站来到各家各户的并对课文重要词汇和句型做讲解和操练)
2,本单元的主题是关于电的两面性.通过学习Benny一家的谈话后,学生可以在一个轻松的故事情节中学习一些与电相关的知识,如What'selectricityWhatdoeselectricitylooklikeHowdoesiteintoourflatsElectricityisagoodservant,butadangerousone,Wemustalwaysbecarefulwithit.等.整篇文章利用对这三个问题的提问层层深入,领衔全文.
设计板书或书面表格如下:
What'selectricityflowthrough,ameter,getabillfor,
agoodservantbutadangerousone,Whatdoeselectricitylooklikeinvisible,changeitintodifferentformsofenergy,Howdoesiteintoourflatsapowerstation→cables(thickwires)→ameter→thinwires→ourflats(beconnectedto,beburiedunder)以EarthHours为契机,鼓励学生收集有关EarthHour的资料制作幻灯或海报,以鼓励更多的学生参加到节电的行列中,并让学生以"Theimportanceofelectricity"为题写一篇习作.
Suggestedoutlineandusefulwordsandexpressions:
1Electricityisimportantinourlife.usedifferentkindsofelecgivelightandheat
makelifemoreenjoyable/moreconvenient/morefortable
helpusworkmoreefficiently
changeourlife2Sometimeselectricityisdangerous.getelectricshock
causefires/accidents
hurt/killpeople3Weshoulduseelectricityproperly.becarefulwith
notplaywithelectricity
seelectricity
makegooduseofit
Module2Unit4Anewnewspaper
一.主要内容
重点单词passage,term,publish,elect,chief,suggest,experience,reader,consider,briefly,whether,decision,monitor,choice,youth,talent,gather,congratulation,deserve,delighted,shame,record,president,team,design,feature,plain,mittee,prize
词组:
soonafter
GradeEightstudents
publishanewspaper
holdameeting(held-held)
decidetodosth.
electsb.tobe等
chiefeditor
heexperience
votefor
takechargeof等于beinchargeof等于beresponsiblefor
ought(not)to等于should(not)
askforsuggestions
takenotes
theotherthree
talk等over等于discuss等carefully
amongthemselves
atthenextmeeting
befreetoreaders
payfornewspapers(paid,paid)
consider等briefly
agreetodosth
agreeonsth
inoneweek'stime
hedifferentideas
makealistof等
makeadecision
arrangetodosth.
abitlonger
concludethemeeting
startdoingsth等于starttodosth
differentsectionsofanewspaper
givesb.alesson
takeplace等于1)happen,2)beheld
makesomemistakes
agoodsecretary
之后不久
八年级的学生
出版报纸
举行会议
决某事
选举某人等
主编
有经验
给等
负责任,掌控
(不)应该
征询意见
记笔记
另外三个
仔细讨论
在他们中间
在下次会议上
向读者免费
付报刊费
简单同意做某事同意某事
一个星期之后
意见分歧
制定等清单
做出决定
安排做某事
再长一点
总结会议
开始做某事
报纸的不同版面
给某人一个教训
发生,举行
犯错
词性
edit,*editor,*edition编辑(v.)编辑(n.)版本(n.)
elect,election,*elector选举(v.),选举(n,),选举人(n.)
suggest,suggestion建议(v.),建议(n.)
experience,experienced经验(uc)/经历()/经历(v.)有经验的(adj.)
brief,briefly的(adj.),地(adv.)
decide,decision决定(v.),决定(n.)
conclude,*conclusion总结(v.),总结(n)
choose(chose,chosen),choice选择(v.),选择(n)
read,reader阅读(v.)读者(n.)
arrange,arrangement安排(v.),安排(n)
agree,disagree,agreement同意(v.)不同意(v.)同意(n.)
youth,young青年时期(n.)年青的(adj.)
talent,*talented天才,天赋(n.)有天赋的(adj.)
congratulation,congratulate祝贺,恭喜(n.)祝贺(v.)
record,recorder记录,(v./n.)录音机(n.)
design,designer设计(v./n.),设计师(n.)
plain,plaint抱怨,埋怨(v.),抱怨(n.)
free,freely,freedom免费的,自由的(adj.)自由地(adv.)自由(n.)
discuss,discussion讨论,商讨(v.),讨论(n.)
句型
suggest(that)sb.(should)dosth,suggestdoing等,Eg.HesuggestgoingtoShanghai
suggestsb/sth.Eg.TonysuggestedJoyce.
sbspendsometime(in)oingsth等于Ittakessbsometimetodosth某人花了多少时间做某事.(两种表达)
sbspendsomemoneyonsth.等于sbpaysomemoneyforsth等于sthcostsbsomemoney花钱写东西(三种表达)
WeelectedJoycetobethechiefeditor.(被动语态)
等于等于Joycewaselectedtobethechiefeditor.
should等于oughtto
例:eshould/oughttodiscussit.
Weshouldnot/oughtnottodiscussit.
ShouldwediscussitYes,weshould./No,weshouldnot.
OughtwetodiscussitYes,weoughtto./Noweoughtnotto.
Expressingcongratulations/pliments
Congratulations！
Welldone.
Youdeservedtowin/pass.
That'swonderfulnews.
I'mdelightedforyou.
Expressingsympathy
Oh,I'msorry！
Whatashame！
Whatapity！
That'sterrible！
Howawful！
宾语从句
(一般疑问句改为宾语从句)
I.连接词(if/whether)
II.句子语序(陈述句语序)
III.时态变化(a.当主句是现在时态时,从句用符合句意的各种时态,
b.当主句是过去时态时,从句要改为相应的过去时,
c.若从句表达的是客观规律,自然现象或名言警句时,仍旧用一般现在时)
(注意点只能用whether的几种情况:a.whether等ornot
b.介词后只能用whether
c.动词不定式前只能用whether
d.句首
拓展词汇:
editor,edit,conclude,election,localnews,searchfor,becuriousabout,lightningconductor,betiredof,
二,人文教育
1,让通过指导学生自己办报,培养学生合作学习的能力,提高学生在生活中运用英语的兴趣.
三,教学建议
1,单词和课文分三课时教授(第一课时从cartoontalk–Whatdoyouknowabout等---引出并理解生词,对课文有初步的理解,第二课时为课文整体理解,深入理解课文主要内容,并在提示词的帮助下复述课文内容,第三课时让学生较流畅地复述课文,并对课文重要词汇和句型做讲解和操练)
2,第一课时,在上课之初给学生四五分钟时间阅读并观察他们手头的英语报纸,并有技巧的进行提问来引发学生思考,如hatcanyoufindinthenewspaperWhatinformationcanyougetfromthenewspaper以此来引出下列单词section,editor,chiefeditor.Ifyouareachiefeditorandyouwantyournewspaperattractive,whatwillyouthinkabout
3,整篇文章都是围绕他们在创办报纸时碰到的问题,然后进行针对性的解决.根据这一特点可以设计一个全文的outline,这样全文结构能清晰明了的呈现在学生面前.
板书设计如下:
alistofthingstheydiscussedthesolutiontotheseproblemsachiefeditorasecretaryothereditorsthesectionstheyheHowoftenshouldtheypublishthepaperfreetothereadersornotthenameofthenewspaper4,本单元的阅读部分围绕一群中学生讨论设计自己学校的校报展开.在引导学生理解文章的同时,也可以鼓励学生自己来讨论并报一份英语报纸,不但可以达到学以致用的效果,也可以激发学生的兴趣和热情,给繁忙的学校生活增添一份乐趣.
5,本单元话题讨论和写作"Myfouritenewspaper",让学生介绍一份他最喜欢的报纸,要求学生对这课所学的词组,句型能够运用自如,并且加以润色.
Unit5Adangerousservant
主要内容
重点单词:sight,soul,balance,line,drama,guest,lead,personally,describe,alarm,surface,cough,seem,we,lend,event,mind,lable,harbour
词组:
thefivesenses:hearing,ell,sight,taste,touch五种感器:听觉,嗅觉,视觉,味觉,触觉
thewindowofthesoul心灵的窗户
keepone'sbalance保持平衡
belongto属于
blindman盲人
firedrama火警,火灾
assoonas一等就等
gotothereceptiondesk去接待处
bookaroom预定房间
allowsbtodo允许某人做某事
soundlike听起来像等
callthemanager叫经理来
takemeeverywhere带领我去各地
atonce立刻
leadsbpersonallytosp(led,led)亲自带某人到某地
thelocationofthefireexit逃生口的位置
thefifthdooralongfromyours从你那边的第五个门
safetyfirst安全第一
describesthtosb向某人解释某事
inone'sownwords用某人自己的话
beasleep等于fallasleep睡着
wakesb(up)—woke—woken)唤醒某人
firealarm火警铃
gooff突然作响
elltheoke闻到烟味(oke用作行为动词)
feelthesurfaceofthedoor摸摸门的表面(feel用作行为动词)
getpastthetowers穿透毛巾
lieonthefloor(–lay-lain)躺在地上
alongthebottomof沿着等底部
seemlike似乎像
hearthesoundofafireengine听到消防车的声音
atthewindow在窗边
beagainsttherules违反
explainabout解释关于等
seone'slife拯救某人的生命
justthen就在那个时候
momentslater一会儿后
secondslater几秒后
firesafetyruls火警安全规则
keeptheokeout把烟挡在外
theimportanceofthefivesenses五个感官的重要性
oppositethebed在床对面
ontheleft/rightof在等左侧/右侧
intheright-handcorneroftheroom在房间的右手边的角落里
aplanofyourhotelroom你们宾馆的平面图
beonholidaywithsomefriends和一些朋友度检测
nextto在等旁边
词性 drama戏剧,戏剧性事件(n.),--dramatic戏剧性的(adj.),--dramatically戏剧性地(adv.)
lead带领(v.)--leader领导(n.),--leading领先的(adj.)
person人(n.),--personal私人的(adj.),--personally亲自地(adv.),--*personality人格(n.)
die死(v.,--dead死亡的(adj.),--death死亡(n),--dying垂死的(adj.)
explain解释(v.),–explanation解释(n.)
*exclaim惊叫,呼喊(v)—*exclamation,惊叹,感叹(n.)
sleep睡觉(n.)/v.,--sleepy困的(adj.),--asleep睡着的(adj.)
*locate位于v.,–location位置,场所(n.)
sense感觉(n.)–*sensible,明理的,明智的,理智的(adj.)
se拯救,节省(v.),–safe安全的(adj.),–safely安全地(adv.),–safety安全(n.)
句型
'stroublesbeganassoonashewalkedintotheDragonHotelwithhiriends.
assoonas(一等就等)
Youareweletostay,sir.(wele—weled—weled)
3.Canyoutellmethelocationofthefireexit等于Canyoutellmewherethefireexitis
4.Johntellsusinhisownwordswhathappenednext.
5.Theminutesseemedlikehours.
Waitingforthefireengineseemedlong.
6.Withthesenseofsight/ell/hearing/taste/touch,youcan等
Withoutthesenseofsight/ell/hearing/taste/touch,youcannot等等于Ifyoulose等youcannot等
7.表示警告:
Lookout！/Watchout！(用于提醒即将发生的危险)
Becareful！/Takecare！(用于危险相对不那么紧急时)
Mindthedoor！/Mindthesteps！
IlayonthefloorwithCharliebesidemeandwaited.
方位介词的用法:如应掌握opposite,beside,ontheright/leftof,intheright/left-handcornerof,nextto,above等.
拓展词汇:
balanced,reception,exclaim,bark,sense,sensible,dramatic,personal,locate,location,description,explanation,reception,exclaim,interrupt,hearing,
语法:
1.人称代词
第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格Iweyouyoushe/he/itthey宾格meusyouyouher/him/itthem所有格形容词性物主代词myouryouryourher/his/itstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyoursyourshers/his/itstheirs反身代词myselfourselvesyourselfour-
selvesherself
himself
itselfthemselves人称代词主格做主语宾格可担任动宾,介宾和表语.
形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特征,必须放在名词前担任定语名词性物主代词具有名词的特征,后面绝对不能再加名词,在句中可担任主语,表语,宾语.
反身代词可担任宾语或表语
Eg.Makeyourselfathome.Helpyourselftosomefruit.Theoldwomanfelloverandhurtherself.(宾语)
Beyourself,youwillbeconfidentandhappy.(表语)
反身代词强调,意为(alone,或withouthelp)
Eg.Imyselfmadeit.Imadeit(by)myself.(主语同位语)
IwishIcouldhearBeethovenhimselfplaythiusic.(宾语同位语)
2.状语从句:
状语从句根据其作用可分为时间,地点,原因,条件,目的,结果,让步,方式,和比较等状语从句,本单元涉及时间,原因和让步状语从句
时间状语从句一般由(when,after,before,assoonas,untilsince,while,as,)引导的.
原因状语从句一般由(because,sinceas等引导)
让步状语从句一般由(though,although)等引导.二,人文教育
1,渗透生命教育,教育学生要有安全意识,学会在发生火灾的情况下自救的方法.
2,唤起学生对动物的热爱,体会到动物是自然的一部分,树立人与动物和谐相处的意识,人类与动物是好朋友.
三,教学建议
1,教师准备三个分别装有不同食品的纸杯,分别请一位同学到讲台前,或看,或闻,或尝,在确认这位同学知道杯子里装的是什么的时候,老师循循善诱问他们是怎么知道杯子里装的是什么引出用眼睛看,用鼻子闻,用舌头尝.由此引入本节课知识要点之一:五种感觉器官和五种感觉的英文单词.接着,PPT一个接一个地显示这些单词,接下来,由PPT给出5个类似如"Whichansdoyouusetoell
2,让学生自己讲述突发事件,以及他们是如何应对的.
3,板书设计如下
Part1:thetroubletheymeet
helpthemtosolvetheproblem.
Part2:happenedthatnight.
What'stheactionofthedogandtheblindmanPickuptheverbromthepart2.
TheactionofthemanTheactionofthedogwenttothedoor,feltthesurfaceofit
wettowels,put等along
triedthephone
layonthefloorandwaited,
openedthewindow,wedandshouted
explainedaboutwoke
pulledat
barked
Fromthelesson,weknowthepersonalityoftheman:
Thepersoanlityofthedog
Ifthereisafireinyourbuilding,whatwillyoudo
3,HerearesomeofthefiresafetyrulesattheDragonHotel.Completethembyputtingonewordineachblank.Changetheformifnecessary.
DragonHotel
Firesafetyrules
Makesureyouknowthe__________ofthefire___________nearesttoyourroom.
Ifthereisafireoutsideyourroom:
_________thedoorofyourroom.Ifitis________,donotopenit.Put_____________alongthe_______ofthedoortokeeptheokeout.
________thereceptiondeskandgiveyourroomnumber.
________onthefloorwheretheairireshestand_________.
Whenyou__________thefireengineoutside,__________yourwindow,__________________.
Doexactlywhatthe__________tellsyou.Donotargue.
b.WritethenumbersoftherulesthatJohncouldnotordidnotobey.Findthereasonandexplainthem.
4.Helpthestudentsgettoknowtheimportanceofthefivesensesbydiscussion.
Withthesenseofsight/ell/hearing/taste/touch,youcan等.
Withoutthesenseofsight/ell/hearing/taste/touch,youcannot等.
等于Ifyoulosethesenseofsight/ell/hearing/taste/touch,youcannot等.
8BModule3Unit6Franceiscalling
一,主要内容
重点单词
defeat,wine,adult,abroad,world-famous,landmark,tree-lined,attraction,enable,region,sunflower,excellent,castle,queen,influence,cheese,leader,culture,cont,throughout,level
词组
defeattheBritish打败英国人
befamouor以等而闻名
nowthat既然,由于
thinkaboutdoingsth考虑做等
goabroadfor等为等出国去
spreadyourwings展翅高飞
thecapitalofFrance法国首都
touristdestination旅游胜地
world-famouslandmarks举世闻名的地标性建筑
widetree-linedstreets宽阔的林荫道
takesbwithyou身边带着等
anhourawayfrom距离等.一小时的路程
thecentreofParis巴黎的中心
offermanyofthesameattractionsas等提供许多与等一样的景点
goontovisitBritain继续参观英国
withoutflyingortakingaferry无需乘坐飞机或渡船
theChannelTunnel海峡隧道
enablesbtodo使得某人得以做某事
anagriculturalregion农业区
growcrops/grapes种植庄稼/葡萄
suchas例如,诸如
makeexcellentwine酿造优质的葡萄酒
themostscenicarea风景最美的地区
visittheoldcastles参观古堡
thekingsandqueensofFrance法国的国王王后
usedtodo过去常做某事
seetheinfluenceofFrance看到法国的影响
insomeways在某些方面
providesthforsb等于providesbwithsth给某人提供某物
otherpopularFrenchproducts其他受欢迎的法国产品
aleaderinartandculture艺术和文化的权威
youngstudentromdifferentcountries来自各国的年轻学者
furtherone'sstudies进修深造
throughout/allovertheworld全世界
anizeFrenchfilmfestivals,exhibitions,andconcerts
举办法国电影节,展览会,音乐会
beanized被组织
specialattractionforchildren孩子们的游览胜地
besimilarto与等相似
lookforwardto+n/doing期待做某事
keepoutenemies驱逐敌人
oneofthesevenwondersoftheworld世界七大奇迹之一
词性
France(n.)法国--French(adj.)法国的,法语,–Frenchman(pl.Frenchmen)法国人
Britain(n.)英国–British(adj.)英国的–theBritish/Englishman(英国人)
wide(adj.)宽的–widely(adv.)广泛地–width(n.)宽度–widen(v.)拓宽
attract(v.)吸引--attractive(v.)有吸引力的,有魅力的--attraction(n)有吸引力的事或物
able(adj.)可能的---enable(v.)使能够,使有机会---ability(n)能力
agriculture(n.)农业---agricultural(adj.)农业的
scenery(n.)景色---scene(n.)场景---scenic(adj.)风景优美的
leader(adv.)领导者,权威,先驱---lead(v.)领导,带领---leading(adj.)领导的,主要的,第一位的
culture(n.)文化,---cultural(adj.)文化的
anize(v.)组织---anization(n.)组织---anizer(n.)组织者
excellence(n.)优秀,卓越---excellent(adj.)极好的,卓越的
拓展词汇
France,French,Paris,heading,headline,destination,agricultural,wheat,vineyard,scenic,further,theLoireValley,theEiffelTower,theArcdeTriomphe,EuroDisneynickname,theEnglishChannel,theChannelTunnel,theleaningTowerofPisa,
句型
1.Franciscalling.
2.Thisyear,whynotspreadyourwingsandvisitFrance
提供建议的表达方式:
Whynotdo等等于Whydon'tyou/wedo等
Whatabout/Howaboutdoing等
Shallwedo等
Let'sdo等,shallwe
Let'sdo等.
表示接受或赞同建议:
Whynot
Goodidea！(Itsoundslikeagoodidea！)
Itsoundsgreat！
3.usetodosomething,beusedtodoingsomething,beusedtodosomething这三个词组容易混淆
usetodosomething表示过去常常做某事,而现在可能已经不再继续.如:
Myfatherusedtookealotuntilthedoctortoldhimtherewasalungproblemwithhim.
be/getusedtodoingsomething表示现在习惯于做某事
TheSmithsareusedtolivinginShanghainow.
beusedtodosomething等于beusedfordoing是被动语态,表示"被用来做什么"的意思,
Plasticcanbeusedtomakeallkindsofthings.
4.Nowthat/Sincewinterisbehindus,manypeoplearethinkingabout等.表达显而易见的原因
7.Withitsworld-famouslandmarks等,Parisisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworld.
8.Ifyouaretakingyourchildrenwithyou,rememberthat等
IfyouwanttogoontovisitBritain,youcannowdoitwithoutflyingortakingaferry.
9.Askingforandgivingdirections
Askfordirections:
HowdoIgetto
Canyoutellmethewaytotheferrypier
Whereis
可补充:CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotheferrypier
Couldyoutellmewheretheferrypieris
Givedirections:
Takethefirstturningontheright.
secondleft.
Walktotheendoftheroad.
Trafficlights.
You'llseetheferrypierinfrontofyou.
onyourright.
acrossthestreetonyourleft.
可补充:Walk/gostraightforward/ahead.
Walkalong/up/downthestreet(untilyouseetheferrypieronyourright).
语法:
1.Articles:
1).不定冠词(IndefiniteArticle)a/an的用法
如:Aputerworkoreaccuratelythanahumanbrain.(表示一类人或事物)
WhatisheHe'sanartist.(表示人的身份或事物的性质)
Givemeapen,please.(泛指)
Thereisabeautifulgardenbehindthehouse.(表示数量,有"一"的意思)
a/an用在一些习惯用语中,如:heagoodtime,inahurry,heabreak,forawhile,apairof,healook,withaile,takeanactivepartin等.
2).定冠词(DefiniteArticle)the的用法
如:Iheacatandadog.Thecatiswhiteandthedogisbrown.(再次提到的人或物前)
TheladyinblackisourEnglishteacher.(特指)
Excuseme.Whereisthebank(谈话双方共指的)
TheNileisthelongestriverintheworld.(在形容词最高级前)
Ourclassroomisonthethirdfloor.(序数词前)
Thesuniarbiggerthantheearth.(宇宙中独一无二的)
TheYangtzeRiverisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.(江河,海洋或山脉前)
PudongisintheeastofShanghai.(方位前)
Ipractisethepianoeveryday.(乐器前面)
Weshouldhelpthepoor.(加在形容词前表示一类人)
the用在一些习惯用语中,如:inthemorning,thedayaftertomorrow,listentotheradio,atthemoment,gotothebeach,bytheway等.
3).一般不用冠词的情况(ZeroArticle)
如:Westudymaths,Chinese,Englishandsoon.(学科名称前)
December25thisChristmasDay.(日期或节日前)
IwasborninJuly.(月份或星期等前)
We'regoingtoheapiicthisingSaturday.(在this,those,my,whose,next,last,some,any,every,each等词前)
Snowiswhite.(不可数名词,如物质名词和抽象名词前)
(比较:Thesnowonthegroundisthick.特指)
Whatdoyouheforbreakfast(一日三餐前)
Weplayfootballafterschooleveryday.(球类运动前)
WhatcanIdoforyou,madam(称呼,头衔或职务前)
某些不用冠词的固定词组,如:bytrain/motorcycle,atnight,afterclass,athome,introuble,gotochurch等.
2.Conjunctions连词
并列连词:and,butso,or,
Studyhard,andyou'llgetgoodmarks.
Hetriedhardbuthewasunsuccesul.
Itwasratherlate,sowedecidedtogohome.
Willyouspendyourholidaysthereorstayathome
(可补充:both等and,notonly等butalso,neither等nor,either等or.)
PeoplenotonlyplayputergamesontheInterbutalsodoonlineshopping.
Neitherthecolournorthesizefite.
Youcanaskmequestionseitherinclassorafterclass.
二,人文教育
2,三,教学建议
1,通过让学生猜测老师曾去了哪个国家引出话题——旅游.结合一些国家的国旗,让学生说出国家的名称以及相应的着名景观.在复习国家的同时,丰富学生的地理知识,引发学生学习的兴趣,并为后面的课文学习埋下伏笔.
2,1)预测
首先,让学生根据标题,图片和已有的背景知识来预测文章的主题和体裁.然后,让学生阅读第一,二段和最后一段来预测课文内容.
2)通过知识检测学生对法国了解多少,引发学生对文章的兴趣,激发他们的求知欲.
3)通过图片了解有关法国的一些事物,同时教授单词:world-famouslandmarks,theEiffelTower,theArcdeTriomphe,tree-linedstreets,EuroDisney,touristattractions,theEnglishChannel,theChannelTunnel,theLoireValley,castles,
3,课文教学,
快速阅读整篇课文,把握各段的主要内容.
逐段细读,获取更多信息,并内化准备复述.
板书设计如下:
Paris---thecapitalofFrance,world-famouslandmarks,widetree-linedstreets,
beautifulandpopular
EuroDisney---anhourawayfrom,thesameattractionsas
TheChannelTunnel---enableyoutotrel等withoutflyingortakingaferry
ThecentreofFrance---agriculturalregionwithcropsandvineyards,
oneofthemostscenicareas---theLoireValley
food---befamouor,seetheinfluenceofFrance
artandculture---aleaderin等,furthertheirstudies,filmfestivals,exhibitions,concerts
4.写作:iscalling
8BModule3Unit7Poems
一,主要内容
重点单词
site,narrow,pleased,alone,author,pretend,score,concern,reject,express,pain,medicine,generous,fair,honestpatient
词组
writepoemsaboutourfeelingsandideas写我们感受和想法的诗歌
henotasteatall一点没有味道
everywherearoundus在我们周围每个地方
atwork在工作
aboringman无趣的人
onthebuildingsite在建筑工地上
highupintheclouds/air高高在云端/空中
*fixacrane修理起重机
*walkonanarrowplank走在狭窄的板条上
*notscaredlikeme不像我那样害怕
bepleasedwith等于besatiiedwith对等感到满意
onone'sown等于byoneself独立地
*payattention(to)注意
besometimescross有时生气
*scoldsb.训斥某人,责骂某人
*putsbindetention罚等放学后留校
bepuzzledbymywords受我所说的话困惑
chatwithsb.和等交谈
arealteacher真实的老师
changeone'sidea改变主意
thankgoodness谢天谢地
feellikedoing想做某事
*keeplively保持活力
hatebeingbored讨厌(感觉)无聊
*stonedeaf完全聋的
*amess一团糟,一片混乱
*neveradullmoment一刻都不停歇
词性
poem(n.)诗歌--poet(n.)诗人–*poetry(n.)
please(v.)使等高兴–-pleased(adj.)感到高兴满意的–pleasant(adj.)令人愉悦的
--pleasure(n.)乐趣,快乐
live(v.)居住–alive(adj.)存活着的–living(adj.)活着的,有生命的--lively(adj.)活泼的
*scare(v.)使等惊吓–*scared(adj.)害怕,恐惧
*attention(n.)注意,注意力--*attentive(adj.)专心的–*attentively(adv.)专心地
silence(n.)沉默,寂静–silent(adj.)寂静的–silently(adv.)安静地
patient(adj.)耐心的–patiently(adv.)耐心地--patience(n.)耐心
bore(v.)使等厌烦–boring(adj.)无聊的,乏味的–bored(adj.)感觉无聊,乏味的
honest(adj.)诚实的–dishonest(adj.)不诚实的–honestly(adv.)诚实地--honesty(n.)诚实
句型
Mydadathomeandatwork.
Heisaboringman,mydad.
Iwrotetheseversesonmyown,Ihopeyou'repleasedwithme..
Ifyouarepuzzledbymywords,Icanexplain.
Thestaffandstudentsweren'treal.
7.Showingconcern:
What'sthematter
What'swrong
What'stheproblem
What'sgoingon
Givesuggestions:
Whydon'twe等
Whynot(+dosth)等
Let's(+dosth)等！
Shallwe等
You'dbetter....
Acceptsuggestions:
That'sagoodidea.
Goodidea.
Rejectsuggestions:
No,thanks.
Nothanks.Idon'tfeellikeit.
Sorry,Ican'tmakeit.
Offerhelp:
ShallI等
Wouldyoulikemetodo等
语法:
1.whoandwhoseWho针对人的主格提问,也可以提问人的宾格.
Whose针对人物所有格提问.
2.mine,yours,his,hers,ours,theirs.
名词性物主代词用作主语,宾语或表语.
如:A:IsthisherTshirtB:No,hersisred.(主语)
A:MayIuseyourdictionaryB:I'velostmine.(宾语)
Thatnewflatisours.(表语)
3.oneandones
如:WhichTshirtdoyoulikeTheonewiththeV-neck.
Theoldhousesherehebeenpulleddownandalotofnewoneswillbebuilt.
拓展词汇
poetry,verse,rhyme,rhyming,crane,plank,scared,verse,attention,scold,detention,chat,good-looking,cheerful,fair,
二,人文教育
通过对
2.培养学生热爱英语诗歌,激发学生学习英语的兴趣更加热爱生活.
三,教学建议
1,单词和课文分课时教授(第一课时等向学生介绍诗歌的特点:rhythm,rhyme,repetition.并以谈论家人和老师,完成词汇的教学,并对两首诗歌有初步的理解.第二课时配合Comprehension部分,是深入理解课文主要内容,并能流畅朗读,读出诗味.
2,agroupofpeople
(a)fewrelativesacoupleofdays
someputersalotof/lotsofreporters
plentyofbooksalargenumberofpassengers
oneofthetopstudentanyplaces/times
hundredsof/thousandsofyears(比较:twothousandyears)
3)不可数名词的数量表达
如:abottleof/twobottlesofwater(a)littlefood
someworkalotof/lotsofnews
plentyofmilkhugeamountsofinformation
muchmoney/time
3.名词所有格(Case)
如:Alice'sbirthdaytheteachers'office
Children'sDaytwentyminutes'walk
NewYear'sDaythefrontgateoftheCityHall
afriendofKitty's/mine
(二)代词(Pronoun)
人称单复数人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性I单Imemyminemyself复WeusouroursourselvesII单Youyouyouryoursyourself复YouyouyouryoursyourselvesIII单he
she
Ithim
her
ithis
her
itshis
hers
itshimself
herself
itself复theythemtheirtheirsthemselves1.人称代词(PersonalPronoun)
人称代词的主格形式用作主语
人称代词的宾格形式用作及物动词的宾语或介词宾语.
如:I(主格,作主语)calledhim(宾格,作动词宾语).
He(主格,作主语)wasplayingtenniswithus(宾格,作介词宾语).
SheandI(主格,作主语)wenttotheMcdonald'slastnight.
Letthebabysitbetweenyouandme(宾格,作介词宾语).
2.物主代词(PossessivePronoun)
形容词性物主代词用作定语.
如:hispuppy,myparents,herdiet
名词性物主代词用作主语,宾语或表语.
如:A:IsthisherTshirtB:No,hersisred.(主语)
A:MayIuseyourdictionaryB:I'velostmine.(宾语)
Thatnewflatisours.(表语)
3.反身代词(ReflexivePronoun)
用作宾语或表示强调.
如:Becareful.Youmighthurtyourself.(宾语)
Thechildrenmadethemodelplanes(by)themselves.(表示强调)
4.指示代词(DemonstrativePronoun:this,that,these,those)
如:A:IsthisyourmotorcycleB:No,itisn't.
A:ArethosecalculatorsexpensiveB:Yes,theyare.
5.疑问代词(InterrogativePronoun)
参见"四,句法"中"特殊疑问句"一节.
6.不定代词(IndefinitePronoun)
1)some,any
如:HeaskedformoresauceandIpassedhimsome.
Doyouknowanyofherfriends
Thereiuchmilkinthefridge.Wouldyoulikesome
2)复合不定代词
somethingsomebodysomeoneanythinganybodyanyonenothingnobodynooneeverythingeverybodyeveryone如:Someonehastoldmeaboutthisbefore.
I'vegotsomethinginterestingtotellyou.
Didyouseeanybodyelseintheroom
EverythingisreadyfortheOpenDay.
3)afew,few,alittle,little
如:You'vemadeafewmistakesinyourhomework,I'mafraid.
Therewerefeweggsinthefridge,sohewenttothesupermarketandboughtsome.
There'sstillalittletimeleft.Youneedn'thurry.
I'mafraidIcan'tbuyanythingtodaybecauseIhegotlittlemoneyonme.
4)both,all
如:Bothofhishandswerehurt.
Theybothlostthemselvesinthebeautifulmusic.
Allenjoyedthemselvesattheparty.
5)neither,none
如:Neitherofthetwinsisauniversitystudent.
Inthepast,noneofthebuseswere/wasair-conditioned.
6)one等theother(s),some等others,another
如:Shehasgottwopets.Oneisadog,theotherisacat.
Somelikeprawns,otherslikecrabs.
Idon'tlikethiskindofwatch.Willyoushowmeanother
7)one,ones
如:WhichTshirtdoyoulikeTheonewiththeV-neck.
Theoldhousesherehebeenpulleddownandalotofnewoneswillbebuilt.
7.it
如:Itisarobot.(指物)
Itisrainingnow,butit'llbefinesoon.(指自然现象)
WhattimeisitnowIt'seighto'clock.(指时间)
Itisn'tfarfromheretothehospital.(指距离)
It'simportant(forus)tofightpollution.(作形式主语)
(三)数词(Numeral)
1.基数词(CardinalNumber)
注意eleven,twelve,thirteen,fifteen,eighteen,twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,eighty,a/onehundred/thousand等词
2.序数词(OrdinalNumber)expression)
如:A:Add6and9.
B:6plus9equals/is15.
7.其它
如:LessonTwelve/theTwelfthLesson
ClassOne,GradeThree
No.46bus
Channel8/Eight
Room402
(四)冠词(Article)
1.不定冠词(IndefiniteArticle)a/an的用法
如:Aputerworkoreaccuratelythanahumanbrain.(表示一类人或事物)
WhatisheHe'sanartist.(表示人的身份或事物的性质)
Givemeapen,please.(泛指)
Thereisabeautifulgardenbehindthehouse.(表示数量,有"一"的意思)
a/an用在一些习惯用语中,如:heagoodtime,inahurry,heabreak,forawhile,apairof,healook,withaile,takeanactivepartin等.
2.定冠词(DefiniteArticle)the的用法
如:Iheacatandadog.Thecatiswhiteandthedogisbrown.(再次提到的人或物前)
TheladyinblackisourEnglishteacher.(特指)
Excuseme.Whereisthebank(谈话双方共指的)
TheNileisthelongestriverintheworld.(在形容词最高级前)
Ourclassroomisonthethirdfloor.(序数词前)
Thesuniarbiggerthantheearth.(宇宙中独一无二的)
TheYangtzeRiverisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.(江河,海洋或山脉前)
PudongisintheeastofShanghai.(方位前)
Ipractisethepianoeveryday.(乐器前面)
Weshouldhelpthepoor.(加在形容词前表示一类人)
the用在一些习惯用语中,如:inthemorning,thedayaftertomorrow,listentotheradio,atthemoment,gotothebeach,bytheway等.
3.一般不用冠词的情况(ZeroArticle)
如:Westudymaths,Chinese,Englishandsoon.(学科名称前)
December25thisChristmasDay.(日期或节日前)
IwasborninJuly.(月份或星期等前)
We'regoingtoheapiicthisingSaturday.(在this,those,my,whose,next,last,some,any,every,each等词前)
Snowiswhite.(不可数名词,如物质名词和抽象名词前)
(比较:Thesnowonthegroundisthick.特指)
Whatdoyouheforbreakfast(一日三餐前)
Weplayfootballafterschooleveryday.(球类运动前)
WhatcanIdoforyou,madam(称呼,头衔或职务前)
某些不用冠词的固定词组,如:bytrain/motorcycle,atnight,afterclass,athome,introuble,gotochurch等.
(五)形容词和副词(AdjectiveandAdverb)
1.形容词的用法和位置(UsageandPositionofAdjective)
如:Computersareveryusefulinourlife.(表语)
Thisisanunhealthydiet.(定语)
Ihesomethingimportanttotellyou.(定语,后置)
Treeskeepairfresh.(宾语补足语)
2.副词的用法和位置(UsageandPositionofAdverb)
如:Spaceplanesareveryfast.(状语,修饰形容词)
Wegotupearlyenoughtocatchthefirstbus.(状语,修饰副词,后置)
Itrainedheilylastnight.(状语,修饰动词)
Weoftengoswimminginsummer.(状语,修饰动词)
IheneverbeentotheBotanicalGardens.(状语,修饰动词)
Pleasestayinsideuntilthetyphoonlees.(状语,修饰动词)
Hewastoodisappointedtosayaword.(状语,修饰形容词)
Luckily,hestillgotthefirstprize.(状语,修饰整个句子,前置)
3.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成(FormationofComparativeandSuperlativeDegreesofAdjectiveandAdverb)
如:softsoftersoftest
largelargerlargest
thinthinnerthinnest
healthyhealthierhealthiest
slowlymoreslowlymostslowly
expensivemoreexpensivemostexpensive
******
good/wellbetterbest
many/muchmoremost
bad/badlyworseworst
illworseworst
littlelessleast
farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest
4.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法(UsageofComparativeandSuperlativeDegreesofAdjectiveandAdverb)
如:E-mailisquickerandcheaperthanregularmail.
Whoworksharder,BenorKitty
Theairpollutioninthatcityiuchmoreseriousthanitusedtobe.
Mr.LingislesshealthythanMissChen.
Whichisthebiggest,thesun,theearthorthemoon
Kallydances(the)mostbeautifullyofthethree.
Africaisthesecondlargestcontinentintheworld.
Edisonwasoneofthegreatestinventorsintheworld.
Thesteaktastesasdeliciousasthechop.
Hecansingaswellashissister.
Hedoesn'twriteso/ascarefullyashisbrother.
Thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.
Youshouldsendhimtothehospital,thesoonerthebetter.
Tomistallerthananyotherstudentintheclass.
(六)介词(Preposition)
1.掌握常用介词的各种不同用法
介词用法举例at时间atsix(o'clock)/night/themoment地点athome/thesupermarket对象laughat其它用法atonce,atpresenton时间onMay4th/Monday/Sundaymorning地点onthewall/theground/thethirdfloor/theshelf其它用法onone'swayto,onfootin时间intheafternoon/themorning/theevening/May/winter/1978地点intheroom/thestreet/thehousingestate其它用法inred,inaddition,intimewith方式dosth.withsb其它用法withone'sowneyes,aplanewithanengine,somethingwrongwithby时间by1990地点bytheriver方式byferry,byairmail,bydoing等强调byoneself被/由等做bedonebysb.其它用法bythewayfor时间formanyyears对象aletterforsb.其它用法forexample,aticketforSunday'seveningshow,forthetimebeing,forthefirsttimefrom时间或地点From等to距离farfrom其它用法be/efromto方向gotothelibrary对象givesth.tosb.其它用法toone'sjoy
2.还要掌握一些其它介词的用法
如:about,across,after,against,along,among,(a)round,before,behind,below,beside,between,during,except,into,like,near,of,over,opposite,since,through,under,without等以及becauseof,infrontof,outof等.
(七)连词(Conjunction)
1.并列连词(CompoundConjunction)
连接彼此并列的词,短语或句子
and,or,but,so,notonly等butalso,both等and,neither等nor,either等or等.
如:Thewaterinthekettleisboilingandwecanseesteamingoutofit.
Isheanengineeroranarchitect
Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.
Englishisdifficult,butit'sinteresting.
PeoplenotonlyplayputergamesontheInterbutalsodoonlineshopping.
Neitherthecolournorthesizefite.
Youcanaskmequestionseitherinclassorafterclass.
2.从属连词(SubordinateConjunction)
引导从句,如宾语从句,状语从句
that,if,whether,who,whose,what,which,where,than,when,while,as,since,though,although,because,before,after,until,assoonas,nowthat,so等that,sothat,as等as,(not)so/as等as等.
如:Ifitdoesn'trainnextSunday,we'llheabarbecue.(引导状语从句)
TheforeigneraskedusifwehadbeentotheTowerofPisa.(引导宾语从句)
SincethisisyourfirstvisittoBritain,you'dbetterlearnsomethingaboutBritishculture.(引导状语从句)
(八)动词(Verb)
1.动词的种类(Classification)
1)行为动词
如:Hefailedintheexam.
Doesheheatestonceaweek
Wepromisenevertopollutetheenvironment.
2)连系动词be,bee,get,turn,look,feel,sound,ell,taste,seem
如:Iaminchargeofsportsinmyclass.
Hebecameaprofessorin1980.
Itwillgethotterthissummer.
Themooncaketastestoosweet.
therebe结构
如:Howmanyblocksarethereinyourhousingestate
ThereisgoingtobeanOpenDayinourschoolthisafternoon.
3)助动词be,do,he,will,shall
如:Don'twastewater.
Didyoudoasurveylastweek
Wehen'tseeneachotherforages.
Amedicalteamwillbesenttothearea.
4)情态动词can,may,must,need,should,shall,will,could,would及heto,beableto,oughtto,usedto的用法
如:Thebirdcansingsweetsongs.
CanIhelpyou
MayIleethetablenowNo,youmaynot.
MustIdomyhomeworkatonce
No,youneedn't.
Youmustbegoodatmaths.
Youshouldeatlesriedfoodanddrinkenoughwater.
Oughtwetodiscussitnow
Shallwegobyourselves
Can/Will/Could/WouldyouhelpLindawithherlessonslater
Myuncleusedtogrowvegetables,butnowhealsogrowruit.
Theirparentsdon'thetopayfortheireducation.
Thepolicemenareabletocatchthethief.
2.动词的时态(Tense)
1)一般现在时
如:Chinaisagreatcountry.
MrsGreenusuallygoessightseeingatweekends.
Dochildrenlikewatchingcartoons
Lighttrelasterthansound.
I'llgiveherthemessageassoonasshegetsin.
2)现在进行时
如:Wearemakingamodelhousenow.
Sendingsisgettingpopularthesedays.
3)一般将来时
如:MaryisgoingtovisitOceanParktomorrow.
Whenshallwemeetagain
IhopeMrSmithwillvisitChinasoon.
MyfatherisleingforBeijingintwodays.
一般过去时
如:Hebrokethevaseyesterday.
Howtallwereyoulastyear
Millionsofyearsago,theStoneAgepeopledidn'teatcookedfood.
5)现在完成时
如:A:Heyouboughtanysugaryet
B:Yes,Ihealreadyboughtsome.Hereitis.
MrSmithhasworkedasanengineersince2000/forseveralyears.
TheyhejustbeentotheSouthPole.
6)过去进行时
如:Thechildrenwereplayingwithsnowhappilythistimeyesterday.
WhileMarywasworkingontheputer,herfriendswereplayingcards.
WewerewatchingTVwhenthealarmwentoff.
7)过去完成时(初二不做考点,只需了解)
如:Bytheageoffive,Mozarthadgivenalotofperformances.
WhenIgottothebookingoffice,theyhadsoldallthetickets.
MarytolduswhatshehadseenintheSpaceMuseum.
8)过去将来时(初二不做考点,只需了解)
如:Hesaidthathewouldgiveupokingassoonaspossible.
Theteacheraskedhowmanypeopleweregoingontheschoolcampingtrip.
3.动词的被动语态(PassiveVoice)(初二不做考点要求,只需了解)
如:Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.(一般现在时)
Thefilmstarwasinterviewedbythenewspaperreporterjustnow.(一般过去时)
Iwillbegivenapresent.(Apresentwillbegiventome.)(一般将来时)
Thiscoatcannotbewashedinwater.(含有情态动词的句子)
语态的练习侧重在以主动语态改为被动语态,侧重掌握一般现在时(含情态动词),一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态.
4.动词的不定式(Infinitive)'sexcitingtoreadics.(主语)
Myfather'sjobistomakesickpeoplebetter.(表语)
2)动词不定式的否定形式(初二不做考点,只需了解)
如:Theteachertoldthech