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关 键 词 ：趣味性故事法 猜谜导入法 运用教具法 卡通导入法
美国教育家布鲁姆曾说过,“一个带着积极情感学习课程的学生,应该比那些缺乏热情,乐趣和兴趣的学生,或者比那些对学习材料感到焦虑和恐惧的学生学得更轻松,更迅速”.一堂课堂教学,如同一首交响乐的演奏,只有当台上,台下的入席者对灌入耳际的声音感到有兴趣,对所聆听到的声音的内涵达到理解,继而产生了心心与共的相融,才能称之为成功.扣人心弦的交响曲的前奏能引导观众步入意境,而课堂成功的导入能激发并加深学生听课的兴趣和求知欲,所以,要收到较为理想的教学效果,导入的设计和运用是非常重要的.导入的方式方法各有千秋,本文中就我校教师在日常教学中运用的几种导课方式进行简述.
一、趣味性故事法
在讲八年级下册第八单元, How was your school trip?时,重点语法是过去时,我就讲了一个小故事,说：“I had a dream yesterday, in my dream, I had a great day, in the morning, I went to the aquarium and saw some seals and sharks, then I had a hamburger and an ice cream for lunch. in the afternoon, I went to the zoo and took a lot of photos, in the evening, I hung out with my friends.由于这是老师的梦,学生们对和老师有关的一切都很感兴趣,所以他们听的很认真.
在讲八年级下册一单元长课文Do you think you will he your own robots?时,我讲了这样一个故事当作背景,Today I will introduce a woman to you. She is very beautiful and outgoing. She has long curly hair and big blue eyes. She was born in 2004 as a housewife. She can do lots of things. She can do housework for people, such as cleaning the room, setting tables, taking out the trash, sweeping the floor等 She can municate with people well. She can speak both British English and American English. She can remember all the things she saw. She can also book the airline tickets and search the information on the Inter. If possible, she can call the police. And everyday, she put on and take off clothes by herself. Her name is Valerie and she is a ROBOT.
二、猜谜导入法
（1） Listen and guess some places：
You can post a letter in this place.______
You can borrow some books in this place.______
If you he a lot of money, you can put it in this place for safety.____
There are a lot of good things in this place. You can choose anything you like by yourself. Of course, you should pay for them.______
（2） Listen and guess some animals：
It is tall with a long neck.______
It likes to eat bamboo and it has big black eyes._____
It es from Africa and has a long trunk.______
It likes cold weather and lives in the South Pole._______
三、运用教具法
教具一般直观性较强,与教学内容紧密联系,可以是实物,图片,也可以是电化教具,如幻灯片,录像等,既具有渲染性,能给学生留下栩栩如生的深刻影响.如讲国家时展示各国国旗,将动物时展示动物图片,讲文具时展示实物或图片均可,讲食物或水果时不方便带食物,可以用图片或幻灯片展示.这种方法大家经常在使用,故不做赘述.
四、卡通导入法
自己画一些卡通简笔画,可以吸引学生的眼球,让学生对老师刮目相看,曾经听一位老师讲了一节写作课,关于过去时的写作,课上先展示了四幅她亲手画的简笔画,展示了她早上发生的一些事情,早上她和丈夫去锻炼身体,打完球回家后,发现价值6000元的项链丢了,心里那个急呀,于是原路返回,惊喜地发现,项链还在那里.让学生们试着去描述,正好完成一篇看图作文,由于是发生在自己老师身上真实的事情,也因为老师的画惟妙惟肖,这样的导课让学生们兴致很高,为后面的学习打下了很好的基础.
在讲单词的时候,可以画一些实物来表现,如水果,食物,衣服,球类器材等也可以用简笔画来表现一些动作等.
在讲七年级下册六单元天气时,可以画出各种天气的标志来导入,比如太阳,云,雨伞,风,雪人等,介绍各种天气,然后还可以画一些在各种天气下常见的活动,如：刮风时放风筝,下雪时堆雪人,晴天游泳等.用句型讨论图片：How’s the weather? It’s 等. What is he doing? He’s 等.能够激发学生的能动性.
在讲九年级第二单元I used to be afraid of the dark.时,我们可以画两幅图来比较一个人过去的样子和现在的样子,可以画的夸张一些,导入：Lily used to be short, but now she is tall./ She used to be thin, but now she is hey./She didn’t used to wear glasses, but now she wears glasses等.
路漫漫其修远兮,吾欲上下而求索.教书育人是任重而道远的一份工作,在这个过程中,我们不断摸索提高.导课只是教学中的一个小小环节,但它的作用却非同一般.让我们努力将这首交响曲的前奏表演地更为引人入胜!