北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试(A)
2016.11.06
PartIReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageiollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicearkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
Passage1
Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Archaeology,likemanyacademicwords,eromGreekandmeans,moreorless,thestudyofoldthingshSo,itisreallyapartofthestudyofhistory.However,mosthistoriansusepaperevidence,suchasletters,paintingsandphotographs,butarchaeologists(考古学家)learnfromtheobjectsleftbehindbythehumansoflongago.Normally,thesearethehardmaterialsthatdon'tbreakdownordisappearveryquicklythingslikehumanbonesandobjectadefromstoneandmetal.
Itisveryunusualtofindanythingmorethanthehardevidenceofhistory--normally,thebacteria(细菌)intheaireatawayatsoftmaterials,likebodies,clothesandthingadeofwood.Occasionally,thingsaredifferent.
In1984,twomenmadeanamazingdiscoverywhileworkinginabogcalledLindowMoss,inthenorthofEngland.Abogiserywetareaofearth,withalotofplantsgrowinginit.Itcanbelikeerybigandverythickvegetablesoupwalkinthewrongplaceandyoucansinkanddisappearforever.Themenwereworkingwhenoneofthemsawsomethingstickingoutahumanfoot!Naturally,themencalledthepolice,whothenfoundtherestofthebody.WasitacaseofmurderPossibly--butitwasadeathnearlytwothousandyearsold.ThetwomenhadfoundabodyfromthetimeoftheRomaninvasionofBritain.Despitebeingsoold,thisbodyhadskin,muscles,hairandinternalansthescientistswhoexaminedhimwereabletolookinsidetheman'sstomachandfindthefoodthathehadeatenforhislastmeal!
Whywasthiansowellpreserved(76)Itwasbecausehewasinerywateryenvironment,safefromthebacteriathatneedoxygentolive.Also,thewaterinthebogwasveryacidic.Theacidpreservedtheman'sskininthewaythatanimalskinispreservedforleathercoatsandshoes.
HowdidhedieUnderstandably,archaeologistsandotherscientistswantedtoknowmoreaboutthepersonthattheycalled,LindowMan.(77)Hishandsandfingernailssuggestedthathehadn'tdoneheymanualworkinhislifehecouldhebeenarichman.Theyfoundthathehadn'tdiedbyaccident.Thearchaeologistsbelievethathewassacrificedtothreedifferentgods.
1.Whichlanguagedoesthewordarchaeologyefrom
A.French.B.Greek.C.Roman.D.German.
2.Theword"these"inthefirstparagraphrefersto_______.
A.lettersB.photographsC.paintingsD.objects
3.WhichofthefollowinghelpedtopreserveLindowMan
A.Iceandlowtemperature.B.Bacteriaandoxygen.
C.Soilandenergy.D.Acidandwater.
4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE
A.LindowManwasnamedafterthepersonwhofirstfoundhim.
B.Historiansusuallyusepaperevidence,whilearchaeologistsusehardevidence.
C.LindowManwaoundbytwoarchaeologistsinthesouthofEngland.
D.LindowManwasgoodatmanualwork.
5.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage
A.WhatIsArchaeology
B.ArchaeologyandHistory
C.AnAmazingArchaeologicalDiscovery
D.TheDeathofLindowMan
nPassage2
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Thecityhasalwaysbeenanengineofintellectuallife,fromthe18th-centurycafesofLondon,wherecitizensgatheredtodiscusschemistryandpolitics,totheLeftBankbarsofmodernParis,wherePicassotalkedaboutmodemart.Withoutthemetropolis,wemightnothehadthegreatartofShakespeare.
Andyet,citylifeisn'teasy.Nowscientistshebeguntoexaminehowthecityaffectsthebrain,andtheresultsaredepressing.Justbeinginanurbanenvironment,theyhefound,impairs(损害)ourbasicmentalprocesses.(78)Afterspendingafewminutesonacrowdedcitystreet,thebrainislessabletoholdthingsinmemory,andsufferromreducedself-control.Whileit'slongbeenrecognizedthatcitylifeisexhausting,thisnewresearchsuggeststhatcitiesactuallydullourthinking,sometimesdramaticallyso.
Oneofthemainforcesatworkisapletelackofnature,whichissurprisinglybeneficialforthebrain.Studieshedemonstrated,forinstance,thathospitalpatientsrecovermorequicklywhentheycanseetreeromtheirwindows,andthatwomenlivinginpublichousingarebetterabletofocuswhentheirapartmentsoverlookalawn.Eventheseglimpsesofnatureimprovebrainperformance,itseems,becausetheyprovideamentalbreakfromtheurbanlife.
Thisresearcharrivesjustashumanscrossanimportantmilestone(里程碑).Forthefirsttimeinhistory,themajorityofpeopleliveincities.Insteadofinhabitingwide-openspaces,we'recrowdedintoconcretejungles,surroundedbytrafficandmillionsofStrangers.Inrecentyears,it'sbeeclearthatsuchunnaturalsurroundingsheimportantimplicationorourmentalandphysicalhealth,andcanpowerfullyalterhowwethink.
Thisresearchisalsoleadingsomescientiststodabble(涉足)inurbandesign,astheylookforwaystomakethecitylessdamagingtothebrain.(79)Thegoodnewsisthatevenslightalterations,suchasplantingmoretreesintheinnercityorcreatingurbanparkswithagreatervarietyofplants,cansignificantlyreducethenegativesideeffectsofcitylife.Themindneedsnature,andevenalittlebitcanbeabighelp.
6.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage
A.Thecityinspirestalentedpeople.
B.Thecityhurtsyourbrain.
C.Thecityhaanypleasuresandbenefits.
D.Thecityseriouslyaffectsthenaturalbalance.
7.Theword"metropolis"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_______.
A.citizenB.natureC.cityD.stress
8.Peoplehejustetorealizethat_______.
A.humanattentionisascarceresource
B.citylifecanmakepeopleverytired
C.thecityisanengineofintellectuallife
D.anurbanenvironmentisdamagingtothebrain
9.Whatisthefactormentionedinthethirdparagraphthathelpsthehospitalpatientsrecovermorequickly
A.Nature.B.Bettertreatment.
C.Experienceddoctors.D.Goodmedicine.
10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE
A.Differentaspects(方面)ofanurbanenvironment,suchasthecrowdedstreets,canleadtoanincreaseinself-control.
B.Smallchangesinurbandesigncannotreducethenegativesideeffectsofcitylife.
C.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,theearth'spopulationioreurbanthanrural.
D.Awalkdownabusycitystreetwillimprovebrainperformance.
Passage3
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Breastfeeding(母乳喂养)foramonthorlongerappearstoreduceawoman'sriskofgettingdiabetes(糖病)laterinlife,accordingtoanewstudy.Thebreastfeedinganddiabeteslinkhasbeenreportedinotherstudies,accordingtoresearcherEleanorSchwarz.Yet,herstudymakesthelinkeasiertobelieve.HerstudyispublishedinajournalofmedicineinAmerica.Schwarzandhercolleagueslookedatdataaboutbreastfeedingpractices.Theyevaluateddataon2,233womenfromCalifomia.Ofthose,405werenotmothers,1,125weremotherswhobreastfedforatleastamonth,and703weremotherswhohadneverbreastfed.Theywere40to78yearsold.
AccordingtoSchwarz'sstudy,theriskofgettingadiagnosis(诊断)ofType2diabeteorwomenwhobreastfedalltheirchildrenforamonthorlongerwassimilartothatofwomenwhohadnotgivenbirth.Butmotherswhohadneverbreastfedwerenearlytwiceaslikelytodevelopdiabetesaswomenwhohadnevergivenbirth.Motherswhoneverbreastfedwereabout1.4timesaslikelytodevelopdiabetesaswomenwhobreastfedforonetothreemonths,Schwarzfound.
Whileonemonthofbreastfeedingappearstomakeadifference,Schwarzsays,evenlongerisbetter.(80)"Previousstudiesheshownthelongerthemombreastfeeds,themorebenefitforherbody."Manyexpertsremendbreastfeedingforsixmonthsandcontinuingforayear,shesays.
Thediabetes-breastfeedinglinkisprobablyexplainedbybellyfat.Mothers,whodon'tbreastfeed,astheygetolder,mayhemorebellyfat,asbreastfeedinghelpsnewmotherstakeoffweight."Bellyfatincreasestheriskofdiabetesasyougetolder,"shesays.
Thefindingisn'tsurprisingatall,saysKimberlyGregory.Sheoftengivesadvicetowomenwhogetdiabetes(occurringduringpregnancy(怀孕))thattheyareatriskforlatergettingType2diabetesandsuggeststheybreastfeed.ThenewfindingswillprobablyinspireGregorytoaddtothe-adviceshegiveoms-to-beaboutthebenefitsofbreastfeeding.Sheoftenfocusesonthebenefitstothebaby.
11.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE
A.Abouttwothousandandtwohundredoldwomentookpartinthestudy.
B.EleanorSchwarz'sresearchprogramwasaboutmenandwomenwhosufferedfromdiabetes.
C.Overonefifthsofthewomennevergotmarried.
D.EleanorSchwarz'sresultsseemmorereliable.
12.AccordingtoSchwarz'indings,whoaremorelikelytogetdiabeteslaterinlife
A.Thosemotherswhohadneverbreastfed.
B.Thosemotherswhonevergebirth.
C.Thosemotherswhobreastfedforamonth.
D.Thosemotherswhobreastfedforsixmonths.
13.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldSchwarzagreewith
A.Breastfeedingisnotadvisablebecauseitisnotgoodforamomtokeepagoodshape.
B.Breastfeedingcangreatlyreduceamother'schancesofgettingallkindsofseriousdisease.
C.Breastfeedingforamonthishighlyremended:thelonger,thebetter.
D.Breastfeedingforamonthorlongermakesbabiesarter.
14.Whatdoestheauthormeanby"moms-to-be"inthelastparagraph
A.Womenwhoarepregnant,especiallyforthefirsttime.
B.Womenwhodreamofhingbabieorthefirsttime.
C.Womenwhoalreadyhechildren.
D.Womenwhohejustgotbabieorthefirsttime.
15.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage
A.BreastfeedingMayEnhanceBabies'ChancesofSurvival
B.BreastfeedingMayLowerMoms'DiabetesRisk
C.BreastfeedingMayBeeVeryFashionableinNearFuture
D.BreastfeedingMayHelpWomenLoseWeight
PartⅡVocabularyandStructure(30%)
Directions:Inthispartthereare30inpletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicearkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestpletesthesentence.ThenblackentheCorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
16.Youshouldcarefullythinkover_____themanagersaidatthemeeting.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whose
17.LastweekIwrotetothehoteltobookaroom,butthey_____yet.
A.didn'tanswerB.wasn'tanswering
C.hadn'tansweredD.hen'tanswered
18.Dianafeltverymuchupsetat_____tothepartyasshehadlongedtogoforalongtime.
A.hingnotbeeninvitedB.nothingbeeninvited
C.nottobeinvitedD.tobenotinvited
19.Onnoaccount_____heldresponsibleforthecaraccident,soheshouldnotbeputintoprison.
A.thedrivercanbeB.canthedriverbe
C.thedriverbeD.bethedriver
20.Allthekidsarecryingnow.What_____makesthemsounhappy
A.itisB.isitC.itisthatD.isitthat
21.Unfortunately,thepackageIwasexpectingwas_____tothewrongaddress.
A.writtenB.givenC.packedD.delivered
22._____byalargeaudience,hefeltverynervousanddidn'tknowwhattosay.
A.WatchingB.WatchC.WatchedD.Hingwatched
23.I'mverygratefulforyourhelpandhopetodosomethingforyou_____inthefuture.
A.inexchangeB.insteadC.inreturnD.inparticular
24.Ican____youthattheanimalsarewellcaredforinourzoo,soyouneedn'tworryaboutthem.
A.supposeB.assumeC.assureD.grant
25.Thedrowningboymadea_____attempttocatchtheropethrowntohim.
A.dangerousB.gracefulC.gentleD.desperate
26.Ifwe_____earlytomorrowmorning,wewillreachthecoastbeforedark.
A.takeoffB.setoffC.setupD.takeup
27.AlotofpeoplemistakeJohnforBillbecausethey_____eachotherinappearancetoomuch!
A.weeB.utilizeC.revealD.resemble
28.Whentherearecordialrelationsbetweenthetwocountries,wemeanthereexistsa_____relationshipbetweenthem.
A.friendlyB.hostileC.fertileD.plicated
29.Thepatient'srecoverywasveryencouragingashecould_____getoutofbedwithouthelp.
A.onlyB.almostC.merelyD.hardly
30.Atthejobinterview,Mr.Browngeagood_____ofhimselfandfinallygotajobasasalean.
A.opinionB.ideaC.cryD.account
31.Asiswellknown,eatingtoomuchfatcan_____heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.
A.addtoB.attendtoC.contributetoD.applyto
32.Aclubisaplacetomakefrequent_____withfriends.
A.accountsB.attemptsC.contentsD.contacts
33._____theobviousdifferencesinsizeandpopulation,thestatesofAmericahemanythings_____mon.
A.Although,onB.Though,in
C.Despite,inD.Becauseof,on
34.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears_____thiedicineistestedonhumanbeings.
A.sinceB.beforeC.afterD.when
35.Withlargernumbersofgraduatesthaneverbefore,justhingadegreewillnolongerbeenoughtomakeyou_____inthecrowd.
A.standupB.standbyC.standforD.standout
36.Thedoctortriedtodoanexperimenttofindoutthe_____ofthemedicineonthemice.
A.causeB.resultC.reasonD.effect
37.Thisisonlyoneofthelaundriesinthedistrictmodemequipment.
A.thatheB.whichheC.thathasD.whathas
38.Skatingcanbegoodforyou_____correctly.
A.thoughdoingB.thoughdoneC.ifdoneD.ifdoing
39.Bytheendoflastweek611peoplefrom49countriestoattendthemeeting,withnearlyhalfingfromtheUnitedStates,GermanyandBritain.
A.hadregisteredB.heregistered
C.registeredD.wereregistered
40.Itwassuggestedthat____bigeventliketheYearofRussiainChinashouldcertainlybenefit_____relationshipbetweenthetwocountries.
A.a,theB.the,aC.a,/D.the,/
41.Althoughheknewlittleaboutthelargeamountofworkdoneinthefield,hesucceeded_____othermorewell-informedexperimenterailed.
A.asB.unlessC.whatD.where
42.Hingbeenpraisedbytheteacher,thelittlegirlranbackhome,_____.
A.happilyandsatiiedB.eagerandexcitedly
C.happyandsatiiedD.anxiouslyandexcitedly
43.—HowaretheirtalksgoingonHetheyreachedanyagreement
—Theyonlyseemedtoheagreedtosetanotherdatefor__talks.
A.deeperB.slowerC.furtherD.higher
44._____tenminutesearlier,youwouldn'themissedthetrain.
Butyouwerelate.
A.HadyoueB.Didyoue
C.HeyoueD.Shouldyoue
45.Hingbeentoldthathersondiedintheaccident,theoldwoman
appearedverycalm,asifnothing_____.
A.happenedB.werehappened
C.washappenedD.hadhappened
PartIIIIdentification(10%)
Directions:EachofthefollowingsentenceshaourunderlinedpartarkedA,B,CandD.Identifytheonethatisnotcorrect.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
46.Idon'tthinkawarmwinteralwayshasanegativeinfluenceonourlife,hasn'tit
ABCD
47.Wehebeentoldthatundernocircumstanceswemayusethetelephoneintheoffice
ABC
forpersonalaffairs
D
48.AwarmthoughtsuddenlycametomewhichImightusethepocketmoneytobuysome
ABC
flowerormymother'sbirthday.
D
49.Towaitinthequeueforhalfanhour,theoldmansuddenlyrealizedthathehadleftthewallet
ABCD
inthecar.
50.TheGreatWallissoawell-knowntouristattractionthatmillionsofpeoplepourineveryyear.
ABCD
51.Equippedwithmodemfacilities,today'shospitalsarequitedifferentfromthatofthepast.
ABCD
52.Wesolvedtheproblembyusingaputerratherthantodoitallbyhand.
ABCD
53.Whohaseyescanseewhatgreatachievementswehemadesince1978.
ABCD
54.Surely,therearelotsofproblemssolvinginourresearchsoweneedtogetwellpreparedin
ABCD
advance.
55.Theharderhetried,themostfailureshesufferedinhisearlydaysasawriter
ABCD
PartIVCloze(10%)
Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage,andforeachblankthereare4choicearkedA,B,CandDattheendofthepassage.YoushouldchooseONEanswerthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.
WehequiteabitofinformationaboutancientEgyptianmedicine.Doctors'instructionshebeenfoundtotellus56theydidforthesickandtheinjured.57manyofthetreatmentsincludedmagic,ancientEgyptiansusedplantleesandothermethodstotreatmany58.
Religion,magicandmedicinewere59relatedinancientEgypt.Somepriests(牧师)werespecially60asdoctorsto61thesickandtheinjured.Doctorswereheldtoahighmoralstandard.Patientsweretreatedwith62andtheir63informationwashighlysecret.Thehighest-rankingdoctorswerepriestsofthegoddessSekhmet,64controlledillnesses.Doctorsspentapartofeachyear65thegoddess.Doctorswerethoughttobe66tothegodsandabletoaskthemforhealing.
Templeswerecenterorhealing.67apersonwasill,heorshewouldetothetempleor68adoctorforadiagnosis(诊断).A(n)69problemwastreatedwithmedicine,prayerandmagic.Ifaclearcausewasnot70,thediagnosiswouldbethattheillnesswascausedbyanevilspiritorcurse.Thedoctorwouldusemagicspellsto71acure.72,adiagnosiscouldnotbereached.73thiscase,apatientwouldbetoldtorestforaperiodoftime74anotherexaminationcouldbe75.
56.A.whatB.whyC.thatD.which
57.A.WhenB.SinceC.AlthoughD.After
58.A.damagesB.diseasesC.disastersD.destructions
59.A.hardlyB.closelyC.mainlyD.shortly
60.A.trainedB.designedC.plannedD.studied
61.A.looktoB.etoC.careforD.searchfor
62.A.reputationB.inspectionC.fameD.respect
63.A.illB.ownC.hiddenD.personal
64.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what
65.A.servingB.readingC.learningD.following
66.A.carefulB.generousC.meanD.close
67.A.BeforeB.WhenC.UntilD.Since
68.A.thinkoverB.applytoC.callforD.makeup
69.A.seriousB.internalC.oddD.obvious
70.A.treatedB.discoveredC.curedD.aroused
71.A.bringaboutB.setoutC.insistonD.makeup
72.A.SubsequentlyB.ConsequentlyC.OccasionallyD.Hopefully
73.A.WithB.InC.ForD.On
74.A.untilB.whenC.althoughD.because
75.A.decidedB.performedC.carriedD.discussed
PartVTranslation(20%)
SectionA
Directions:InthisparttherearefivesentenceswhichyoushouldtranslateintoChinese.ThesesentencesarealltakenfromtheassagesyouhejustreadinReadingComprehension.Youcanreferbacktothepassagestoidentifytheirmeaningsinthecontext.
76.Itwasbecausehewasinerywateryenvironment,safefromthebacteriathatneedoxygentolive.
77.Hishandsandfingernailssuggestedthathehadn'tdoneheymanualworkinhislife—hecouldhebeenarichman.
78.Afterspendingafewminutesonacrowdedcitystreet,thebrainislessabletoholdthingsinmemory,andsufferromreducedself-control.
79.Thegoodnewsisthatevenslightalterations,suchasplantingmoretreesintheinnercityorcreatingurbanparkswithagreatervarietyofplants,cansignificantlyreducethenegativesideeffectsofcitylife.
80.Previousstudiesheshownthelongerthemombreastfeeds,themorebenefitforherbody.
SectionB
Directions:InthisparttherearefivesentencesinChinese.YoushouldtranslatethemintoEnglish.Besuretowriteclearly.
81.82.他二十七岁时开始学英语.83.全球化也正在改变人们的生活方式.84.这部电影我已经看过好几遍了.85.这就是他五年前住过的房子.
1~~~15BDDBCBCDACDACAB
16~~~45CDBBDDCCCDBDABDCDCBDDCCAADCCAD
46~~~55DCBABDCABB
56~~~75ACBBACDDCADBCDBACBAB
76.因为他被置于相当潮湿多水的环境,需要氧气才能生存的细菌无法侵害到他.
77.他的手和指甲显示:他一生中没有从事过繁重的手工劳动,他很有可能是个有钱人.
78.在熙熙攘攘的城市街道上呆几分钟,大脑的记忆力就会下降,自制力也会有所减弱.
79.好消息是,即使是微小的改变,如在城市中多植树或建立种有多种植被的城市公园,都会大幅度地减少城市生活对人脑的负面影响.
80.先前的研究已经表明:妈妈母乳喂养的时间越长,对她本人的身体越有利.
81.Underthebigtreeinfrontofthehouseissetatable.
82.HebegantolearnEnglishattheageof27.
83.Globalizationischangingpeople'swayoflife.
84.Iheseenthiovieseveraltimes.
85.Thisistheveryhousehelivedinfiveyearsago.
146